1.Easy
Which TFEU article guarantees the freedom of establishment?
- AArticle 49
- BArticle 45
- CArticle 110
- DArticle 63
2.Easy
Article 30 TFEU prohibits between member states:
- ACustoms duties on imports and exports and charges having equivalent effect
- BAgreements between companies to share markets
- CDiscriminatory internal taxation of products coming from other member states
- DQuotas on the number of foreign workers employed
3.Easy
How is the President of the European Commission chosen?
- AChosen by the outgoing Commission
- BProposed by the European Council by qualified majority, then elected by the European Parliament
- CAppointed by the Court of Justice
- DElected directly by EU citizens in a separate vote
4.Medium
In Foster v British Gas (1990), the Court held that a directive can be relied on against a body that is:
- AAny large company with more than 500 employees
- BOwned by private shareholders but regulated by law
- CAny private body that receives a public contract from the state, whatever its powers or functions
- DMade responsible by the state for a public service under its control, with special powers
5.Medium
In Van Binsbergen (1974), a Dutch rule requiring legal representatives to reside in the Netherlands was examined. The Court held that:
- AThe freedom to provide services is directly effective and residence requirements need justification
- BLegal services are outside the scope of the Treaty
- COnly regulations can create rights for service providers
- DMember states may always require residence for professionals involved in the administration of justice
6.Medium
The "public service" exception in Article 45(4) TFEU covers:
- AAll jobs in the public sector, including those of nurses, teachers and railway workers employed by the state
- BAny job paid for by public funds
- CJobs in companies that have government contracts
- DPosts involving the exercise of public power and safeguarding the general interests of the state
7.Hard
In Faccini Dori (1994), a consumer tried to rely on an untransposed consumer directive against a private company. The Court held that:
- AThe directive had horizontal direct effect, because consumers are the weaker contracting parties
- BThe directive was invalid because it had not been transposed
- CDirectives cannot of themselves impose obligations on individuals, so she could not rely on it
- DThe company was an emanation of the state
8.Hard
In Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (2013), the Court interpreted "regulatory act" in Article 263(4) TFEU to mean:
- AAn act of general application other than a legislative act
- BAn act addressed to a specific individual
- CAny regulation, whether legislative or not
- DAny act adopted by the Commission or the Council
Answer key
- 1. A · Article 49
- 2. A · Customs duties on imports and exports and charges having equivalent effect
- 3. B · Proposed by the European Council by qualified majority, then elected by the European Parliament
- 4. D · Made responsible by the state for a public service under its control, with special powers
- 5. A · The freedom to provide services is directly effective and residence requirements need justification
- 6. D · Posts involving the exercise of public power and safeguarding the general interests of the state
- 7. C · Directives cannot of themselves impose obligations on individuals, so she could not rely on it
- 8. A · An act of general application other than a legislative act
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