1.Easy
An EU regulation is:
- ABinding in its entirety and directly applicable in all member states
- BBinding only as to the result, leaving the choice of method to member states
- CA non-binding recommendation
- DBinding only on the Commission
2.Easy
Article 30 TFEU prohibits between member states:
- ACustoms duties on imports and exports and charges having equivalent effect
- BDiscriminatory internal taxation of products coming from other member states
- CAgreements between companies to share markets
- DQuotas on the number of foreign workers employed
3.Easy
Under the Lisbon rules, a qualified majority in the Council normally requires:
- AAt least 55% of member states representing at least 65% of the EU population
- BAll member states except one
- CTwo-thirds of member states and half of the population
- DA simple majority of member states, provided they represent at least half of the EU population
4.Medium
In Dillenkofer (1996), the Court held that a complete failure to transpose a directive on time is:
- ANever a ground for state liability
- BExcused if the state was busy with elections
- CIn itself a sufficiently serious breach for state liability
- DSerious only if the Commission has first warned the state in a reasoned opinion
5.Medium
In Ratti (1979), the Court held that an individual could NOT rely on a directive against the state:
- AIf the directive was clear and unconditional
- BIf the member state had failed to transpose it
- CBefore the transposition deadline had expired
- DAfter the transposition deadline had expired
6.Medium
In Simmenthal (1978), the Court of Justice held that a national court faced with a national law conflicting with EU law must:
- AAsk the national parliament to amend the law first
- BApply the national law if it was adopted later
- CSet the national law aside of its own motion, without waiting for it to be repealed
- DWait for the national constitutional court to annul the law before it can disapply it
7.Hard
In R v Bouchereau (1977), the Court held that a member state may expel an EU national on public policy grounds only if their conduct represents:
- AAny criminal conviction in the host state
- BA genuine and sufficiently serious threat affecting one of the fundamental interests of society
- CA breach of the host state's immigration rules
- DA burden on the host state's social assistance system or a risk that the person will become unemployed in future
8.Hard
In Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (2013), the Court interpreted "regulatory act" in Article 263(4) TFEU to mean:
- AAn act addressed to a specific individual
- BAny act adopted by the Commission or the Council
- CAny regulation, whether legislative or not
- DAn act of general application other than a legislative act
Answer key
- 1. A · Binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all member states
- 2. A · Customs duties on imports and exports and charges having equivalent effect
- 3. A · At least 55% of member states representing at least 65% of the EU population
- 4. C · In itself a sufficiently serious breach for state liability
- 5. C · Before the transposition deadline had expired
- 6. C · Set the national law aside of its own motion, without waiting for it to be repealed
- 7. B · A genuine and sufficiently serious threat affecting one of the fundamental interests of society
- 8. D · An act of general application other than a legislative act
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