Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A new test was compared with the reference standard in a study (see the 2 × 2 table). Find the specificity Sp as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A town has 15 000 inhabitants. At the start of a year, 119 of them have a chronic disease. During the year, 262 more people are newly diagnosed (assume nobody moves away or dies). Find the cumulative incidence CI over the year per 1000 people at risk. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A case-control study compares 130 patients with a disease (cases) and 550 people without it (controls). The table shows how many in each group were exposed to a risk factor. Find the odds ratio OR for the exposure. Round to two decimal places.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). In a randomised trial, 320 patients received a new treatment and 870 received the control treatment. The table shows how many in each group had a side effect. Find the relative risk RR of the event with treatment. Round to two decimal places.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). 10 000 people are screened with a test of sensitivity 76% and specificity 89%. The prevalence of the disease is 10%. How many positive results n₊ are expected in total?
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A screening test has a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 89%. It is used in a population where the prevalence is 2%. Find the positive predictive value PPV as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
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