Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A new test was compared with the reference standard in a study (see the 2 × 2 table). Find the sensitivity Se as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A new test was compared with the reference standard in a study (see the 2 × 2 table). Find the specificity Sp as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A case-control study compares 390 patients with a disease (cases) and 350 people without it (controls). The table shows how many in each group were exposed to a risk factor. Find the odds ratio OR for the exposure. Round to two decimal places.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). In a cohort, groups of people were followed for different lengths of time (see the table: number of people and years of follow-up for each). During follow-up, 10 new cases occurred. Find the incidence rate IR per 1000 person-years. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). Without a drug, 35% of patients have a certain side effect during a year. The drug raises this risk with a relative risk of RR = 1.17. Find the number needed to harm NNH: how many patients must take the drug for a year for one extra patient to have the side effect? Round up to a whole number of patients.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A screening test has a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 89%. It is used in a population where the prevalence is 0.5%. Find the negative predictive value NPV as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
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