Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A new test was compared with the reference standard in a study (see the 2 × 2 table). Find the negative predictive value NPV as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A new test was compared with the reference standard in a study (see the 2 × 2 table). Find the sensitivity Se as a percentage. Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A case-control study compares 80 patients with a disease (cases) and 640 people without it (controls). The table shows how many in each group were exposed to a risk factor. Find the odds ratio OR for the exposure. Round to two decimal places.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A case-control study compares 80 patients with a disease (cases) and 760 people without it (controls). The table shows how many in each group were exposed to a risk factor. Find the odds ratio OR for the exposure. Round to two decimal places.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). Without a drug, 10% of patients have a certain side effect during a year. The drug raises this risk with a relative risk of RR = 1.52. Find the number needed to harm NNH: how many patients must take the drug for a year for one extra patient to have the side effect? Round up to a whole number of patients.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A treatment reduces the risk of an event by 25% in relative terms (RRR = 25%). In a patient group the risk without treatment (CER) is 33% over five years. Find the number needed to treat NNT for five years to prevent one event. Round up to a whole number of patients.
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