Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

The serum total protein is made up mainly of:

1. AAlbumin and globulins
2. BHemoglobin and iron
3. CGlucose and urea
4. DSodium and chloride

What does normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) look like?

1. ACloudy and yellow
2. BPink and bloody
3. CClear and colorless
4. DThick and green

A blood lactate level above about which value is usually considered raised in an adult?

1. A0.2 mmol/L
2. B10 mmol/L
3. C2 mmol/L
4. D20 mmol/L

A patient's eGFR has fallen to 24 mL/min/1.73 m². Which prescribed drug should the nurse question before giving it?

1. ALevothyroxine
2. BAcetaminophen (paracetamol)
3. CInsulin glargine
4. DMetformin

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. AChloride
2. BSodium
3. CPhosphate
4. DMagnesium

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
2. BFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
3. CFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet
4. DFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues

A frail older adult in a nursing home has been drinking very little during a heat wave. She is confused, and her sodium is 158 mEq/L. Which treatment would the nurse expect?

1. AStrict fluid restriction to below 800 mL a day
2. BA loop diuretic to remove the extra sodium quickly
3. CGradual replacement of free water over many hours
4. DRapid infusion of 3% saline to raise the volume

A man of Mediterranean descent develops dark urine, jaundice and a falling hemoglobin a few days after eating fava beans. Which condition is most likely?

1. AG6PD deficiency with acute hemolysis
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CSickle cell crisis with vaso-occlusion
4. DIron-deficiency anemia from poor diet