Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

What is the main effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys?

1. AMore water is excreted, so the urine becomes dilute
2. BMore potassium is reabsorbed, so the serum potassium rises
3. CMore glucose is excreted, so the urine contains sugar
4. DMore water is reabsorbed, so urine is concentrated

Which sample is commonly used to screen a patient for MRSA carriage on admission?

1. AA swab from the front of the nose
2. BA sample of stool sent for culture
3. CA clean-catch midstream urine sample
4. DA blood culture from one arm

For many non-pregnant adults with diabetes, which HbA1c target is commonly recommended?

1. AAbove 9% (75 mmol/mol)
2. BBelow 7% (53 mmol/mol)
3. CBelow 10% (86 mmol/mol)
4. DBelow 4% (20 mmol/mol)

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. ASave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
2. BHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
3. CSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
4. DCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning

A patient with chronic kidney disease receives an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent such as epoetin alfa. Which assessments are most important?

1. ALiver enzymes and bilirubin
2. BSerum glucose and ketones
3. CSerum amylase and lipase
4. DHemoglobin and blood pressure

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

1. AClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
2. BCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet
3. CFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
4. DCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2.9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

1. APrimary adrenal insufficiency
2. BCentral diabetes insipidus
3. CPrimary hyperaldosteronism
4. DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH

A patient started methimazole for hyperthyroidism 6 weeks ago and now has a fever and a severe sore throat. Which action is most important?

1. AAdvise the patient to continue the drug and drink more fluid
2. BCheck the TSH and double the dose if it is still low
3. CGive the next dose and suggest warm salt-water gargles for comfort
4. DHold the drug and arrange an urgent white cell and neutrophil count