Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

What is a main role of albumin in the blood?

1. AIt fights bacteria by engulfing them in the blood
2. BIt forms the mesh that holds a blood clot together
3. CIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
4. DIt holds fluid in the vessels by oncotic pressure

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
2. BWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
3. CHow many white cells are present in the sample
4. DWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic

Why is serum creatinine a better marker of kidney function than BUN?

1. AIt is affected mainly by protein intake, which is easy to control
2. BIt is not filtered by the kidneys, so its level stays very stable
3. CIt is made by the liver, so it rises in every kind of illness
4. DIt is less affected by diet, hydration and bleeding in the gut

A woman who is 30 weeks pregnant has a new blood pressure of 152/98 mm Hg. Which urine finding would most support preeclampsia?

1. AKetones in the urine
2. BProtein in the urine
3. CNitrites in the urine
4. DGlucose in the urine

A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA urinary tract infection
2. BUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
3. CAn expected effect of the drug
4. DA sign of kidney failure

A patient on warfarin started eating large daily portions of kale and spinach. The INR has fallen. What advice is most appropriate?

1. AStop warfarin until the diet is normal
2. BDouble the warfarin dose without telling the prescriber
3. CNever eat green vegetables again
4. DKeep the intake of vitamin K–rich foods steady from day to day

A patient has fever, confusion, a platelet count of 15 × 10³/µL, anemia with fragmented red cells (schistocytes) and a raised creatinine. Clotting times are normal. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
2. BThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
3. CVitamin K deficiency with bleeding
4. DDisseminated intravascular coagulation

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
2. B"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
3. C"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
4. D"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"