Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

Which is the main cation in the fluid inside the cells?

1. ACalcium
2. BSodium
3. CChloride
4. DPotassium

At what time of day is serum cortisol normally highest?

1. AAround midnight
2. BAfter the evening meal
3. CLate afternoon
4. DEarly morning

In the US (NCEP ATP III) classification, which total cholesterol level is called desirable for an adult?

1. ABetween 250 and 300 mg/dL (6.5–7.8 mmol/L)
2. BAbove 240 mg/dL (6.2 mmol/L)
3. CBelow 300 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
4. DBelow 200 mg/dL (5.2 mmol/L)

A patient has a sodium of 152 mEq/L. Which findings would the nurse expect?

1. AMuscle twitching with a positive Trousseau’s sign
2. BThirst, dry mucous membranes and restlessness
3. CBradycardia with peaked T waves
4. DWeight gain with swollen ankles

A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?

1. AAn expected effect of the drug
2. BUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
3. CA sign of kidney failure
4. DA urinary tract infection

A stable adult who is not bleeding receives one unit of packed red cells. By about how much is the hemoglobin expected to rise?

1. AAbout 1 g/dL (10 g/L)
2. BAbout 3 g/dL (30 g/L)
3. CAbout 0.1 g/dL (1 g/L)
4. DAbout 5 g/dL (50 g/L)

A patient without diabetes in the ICU with sepsis has a glucose of 260 mg/dL (14.4 mmol/L) and an HbA1c of 5.2%. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA meter error, because HbA1c is normal
2. BType 1 diabetes from autoimmune damage
3. CStress hyperglycemia from acute illness
4. DLong-standing undiagnosed type 2 diabetes

A patient with schizophrenia drinks very large amounts of water each day. Sodium is 121 mEq/L, and the urine is very dilute (urine osmolality 70 mOsm/kg). Which explanation fits best?

1. ASyndrome of inappropriate ADH
2. BPrimary (psychogenic) polydipsia
3. CHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
4. DCentral diabetes insipidus