Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

Why is glucose normally absent from the urine?

1. AThe glomeruli do not filter glucose out of the blood at any level
2. BThe tubules reabsorb all filtered glucose at normal blood levels
3. CThe bladder lining breaks down any glucose that reaches the urine
4. DGlucose is changed into ketones before it reaches the urine

What is a typical adult reference range for serum albumin?

1. AAbout 0.5–1.0 g/dL (5–10 g/L)
2. BAbout 3.5–5.0 g/dL (35–50 g/L)
3. CAbout 8.5–10.5 g/dL (85–105 g/L)
4. DAbout 12–16 g/dL (120–160 g/L)

What is the typical range of urine pH?

1. AAbout 9.0–11.0
2. BAbout 1.0–2.0
3. CAbout 4.5–8.0
4. DAbout 7.35–7.45

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7.3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7.7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results show reactive hypoglycemia
2. BThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
3. CThe results are within the normal fasting range
4. DThe results show prediabetes only

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts prednisone each morning. When is the glucose most likely to be highest?

1. AThe glucose will not change
2. BIn the early morning, before the dose
3. CAt midnight only
4. DIn the afternoon and evening

A patient with chest pain that started one hour ago has a normal first troponin. What is the correct interpretation?

1. ATroponin is not useful in patients with chest pain
2. BInfarction is not ruled out; troponin is repeated per protocol
3. CThe patient can be discharged home straight away
4. DInfarction is ruled out, so no further troponin tests are needed

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis is receiving an IV insulin infusion. Which laboratory value must be monitored especially closely?

1. AAlbumin, because insulin makes the liver stop producing it
2. BPotassium, because insulin moves it into the cells and it can fall quickly
3. CHemoglobin, because insulin breaks down red blood cells
4. DSodium, because insulin causes the kidneys to excrete very large amounts of it

A patient on an IV insulin infusion has a blood glucose of 65 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L). What is the best action?

1. AGive oral potassium to protect the heart
2. BFollow the protocol for low glucose and inform the provider
3. CStop the infusion and leave the glucose recheck until the morning
4. DContinue at the same rate and recheck in four hours