Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
2. BThe person had hepatitis A in the past
3. CThe person has never met the virus
4. DThe person is immune from vaccination only

Which blood marker is the most specific for injury to the heart muscle?

1. ACardiac troponin
2. BTotal creatine kinase
3. CLactate dehydrogenase
4. DSerum myoglobin

About what proportion of total serum calcium is in the free (ionized) form?

1. AAbout one tenth
2. BAlmost none
3. CAbout half
4. DNearly all

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. AA low temperature and slow heart rate
2. BCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP
3. CBack pain with dark red urine output
4. DHives and itching without other signs

A patient on warfarin started eating large daily portions of kale and spinach. The INR has fallen. What advice is most appropriate?

1. ANever eat green vegetables again
2. BDouble the warfarin dose without telling the prescriber
3. CKeep the intake of vitamin K–rich foods steady from day to day
4. DStop warfarin until the diet is normal

A patient has an absolute neutrophil count of 0.4 × 10³/µL. Which measure is appropriate?

1. ASharing a room with another patient who is being treated for pneumonia
2. BBringing fresh flowers into the room to lift the patient’s mood
3. CTaking temperatures rectally because readings are more accurate
4. DStrict hand hygiene, temperature checks and no visitors with infections

A patient with diabetes had a glucose of 58 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L), took 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate and, 15 minutes later, the glucose is 64 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L). The patient is alert. What should the nurse do next?

1. AGive a long-acting insulin dose to stabilize it
2. BWait until the next meal before giving anything
3. CGive another 15 g of fast carbohydrate and recheck
4. DGive a protein snack only and recheck tomorrow

Three days after starting haloperidol, a patient has a temperature of 40 °C, severe muscle rigidity and confusion. Which laboratory result would the nurse expect?

1. AA very high creatine kinase (CK)
2. BA very low white cell count
3. CA very high serum lithium
4. DA very low serum sodium