Lab values & electrolytes worksheet with answers

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person has never met the virus
2. BThe person had hepatitis A in the past
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person is immune from vaccination only

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this most likely show?

1. AKetones produced from fat breakdown in fasting
2. BRed blood cells leaking from the glomeruli
3. CGlucose spilling into the urine from high blood levels
4. DBacteria in the urine that convert nitrate to nitrite

What is the main role of platelets?

1. ATo carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
2. BTo break down old red cells in the spleen
3. CTo produce antibodies against bacteria and viruses
4. DTo form a plug at the site of vessel injury

A patient on a heparin infusion has an aPTT of 110 seconds; the protocol target is 1.5–2.5 times the control of 30 seconds. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive vitamin K as prescribed and continue the infusion
2. BFollow the heparin protocol, check for bleeding and inform the provider
3. CContinue unchanged and repeat the aPTT the next morning
4. DIncrease the infusion rate, because the result is above the target range

In the US, when is a pregnant woman without known risk factors usually screened for gestational diabetes?

1. AOnly after the baby is born
2. BAt about 38–40 weeks of pregnancy
3. CAt about 6–8 weeks of pregnancy
4. DAt about 24–28 weeks of pregnancy

Why do patients with chronic kidney disease often have anemia?

1. AUremic toxins make the bone marrow produce white cells instead of red cells
2. BThe damaged kidneys filter out and destroy red blood cells
3. CHigh potassium in kidney disease breaks down red cells
4. DThe kidneys make less erythropoietin, which drives red cell production

Which patient’s result should the nurse report first?

1. ATotal cholesterol slightly above target
2. BCreatinine 1.6 mg/dL (141 µmol/L) in a patient with known stable CKD
3. CGlucose 42 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L) in a patient who is sweating and confused
4. DHbA1c 7.4% (57 mmol/mol) in a patient with type 2 diabetes

A patient receiving parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsion has a triglyceride level of 620 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L). Why is this result important?

1. AIt raises the risk of acute pancreatitis
2. BIt is a normal fasting value for adults
3. CIt means the patient needs more lipid
4. DIt shows the nutrition is fully effective