Med-surg: cardiovascular & respiratory worksheet with answers

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe diastolic pressure
2. BThe pulse pressure
3. CThe mean arterial pressure
4. DThe systolic pressure

Which side effects are common after inhaled salbutamol (albuterol)?

1. AConstipation and dry eyes
2. BWeight gain and ankle swelling
3. CDrowsiness and a slow heart rate
4. DFine tremor and a fast heart rate

Mesothelioma of the pleura is strongly linked with exposure to which substance?

1. AWood smoke
2. BPollen
3. CCoal dust
4. DAsbestos

A patient on warfarin has started eating large spinach and kale salads every day. What is the main concern?

1. AGreen vegetables damage the liver on warfarin
2. BThere is no interaction between food and warfarin
3. CThe extra vitamin K may lower the INR
4. DThe extra vitamin K may raise the INR

A patient with COPD uses an inhaled corticosteroid combination inhaler. Which risk should the nurse be aware of?

1. AA sharp drop in potassium after each dose
2. BAn increased risk of high blood pressure crises
3. CHearing loss after every dose
4. DAn increased risk of pneumonia

Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?

1. APneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
2. BNephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
3. CHeart failure with raised venous pressure
4. DLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin

A patient with infective endocarditis is on IV gentamicin with another antibiotic. Which monitoring is most important?

1. APeak flow readings and spirometry before and after each dose
2. BBlood glucose only
3. CDrug levels, renal function and hearing or balance changes
4. DLiver size by daily palpation and weekly abdominal ultrasound

A patient declines enoxaparin for VTE prevention because it is made from pork, which conflicts with their beliefs. What is the best response?

1. ARespect the decision, inform the prescriber and discuss non-animal options
2. BTell the patient that refusal means they cannot have surgery
3. CGive the injection anyway without explaining what the medicine is made from
4. DDocument the refusal in the notes and take no further action at all