1.Easy
Which tool helps assess pain in a person with advanced dementia who cannot report it?
- AA numerical rating scale from 0 to 10, read out slowly
- BThe MUST nutrition score
- CThe Glasgow Coma Scale, scored every hour
- DAn observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
2.Easy
What is a Hartmann's procedure?
- ARemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
- BJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
- CRemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump
- DPlacing a stent in the bile duct
3.Easy
What is ascites?
- AFluid in the peritoneal cavity
- BSwelling of both ankles
- CFluid in the pleural space around the lungs
- DA blocked common bile duct
4.Medium
A patient takes co-codamol at home (a combination tablet sold under different names in different countries). Why should the nurse check this before giving regular paracetamol (acetaminophen)?
- ACo-codamol stops paracetamol from working
- BIt already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur
- CParacetamol and codeine cause a severe allergic reaction when combined
- DCo-codamol must be stopped a week before any paracetamol
5.Medium
Which drug class is commonly used to reduce acid after endoscopic treatment of a bleeding peptic ulcer?
- ALoop diuretics
- BH1 antihistamines such as cetirizine
- CProton pump inhibitors
- DBeta-blockers
6.Medium
Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?
- ASmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
- BThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
- CSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal
- DA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
7.Hard
A patient with an epidural after abdominal surgery has BP 82/48 mmHg, a pulse of 70/min and warm feet. Bleeding has been excluded. What is the most likely cause?
- ACardiogenic shock after surgery
- BSympathetic block from the epidural
- CAnaphylaxis to the local anaesthetic
- DHypovolaemic shock from blood loss
8.Hard
A worker has a hydrofluoric acid burn on the hand and severe pain. After irrigation with water, which specific treatment is commonly applied?
- ASodium bicarbonate paste
- BCalcium gluconate gel
- CSilver sulfadiazine cream
- DIce cubes wrapped in a cloth
Answer key
- 1. D · An observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
- 2. C · Removal of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump
- 3. A · Fluid in the peritoneal cavity
- 4. B · It already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur
- 5. C · Proton pump inhibitors
- 6. A · Small, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
- 7. B · Sympathetic block from the epidural
- 8. B · Calcium gluconate gel
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