Med-surg: GI, perioperative & oncology worksheet with answers

Why is adrenaline sometimes added to a local anaesthetic?

1. AIt makes the patient fall asleep more quickly
2. BIt stops the local anaesthetic causing any allergy
3. CIt narrows vessels, so the block lasts longer and bleeding is less
4. DIt turns the local anaesthetic into a general anaesthetic

What is a hiatus hernia?

1. ABowel bulging through a weak point in the muscle at the umbilicus
2. BPart of the stomach pushing up through the diaphragm
3. CPart of the bowel pushing through the groin into the scrotum
4. DA bulge of bowel through an old surgical scar

Which bowel sounds are typical early in a mechanical small bowel obstruction?

1. AHigh-pitched, tinkling sounds
2. BA pleural friction rub
3. CCompletely absent sounds from the start
4. DQuiet, normal gurgling sounds

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. AChlorhexidine skin preparation
2. BA warmed blanket
3. CThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
4. DSterile normal saline

How should a patient use an incentive spirometer after surgery?

1. AUse it once a day, just before going to sleep at night
2. BBlow out as hard and as fast as possible
3. CBreathe quickly in and out ten times in a row
4. DBreathe in slowly and deeply, then hold briefly

Which lung problem is a known toxicity of bleomycin?

1. APulmonary fibrosis
2. BAsthma from pollen
3. CPneumothorax from coughing
4. DLung cancer within weeks

A nurse teaches a patient with chronic pancreatitis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll report increased thirst or passing urine more often."
2. B"Oily, floating stools may mean my dose needs changing."
3. C"I should not drink any alcohol."
4. D"I'll take my enzyme capsules at bedtime."

A patient with a high-voltage electrical injury has small entry and exit wounds. Why is close monitoring needed?

1. AElectrical injuries never cause damage beneath the skin surface
2. BHidden muscle damage: arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis, kidney injury
3. CSmall skin wounds show that the internal injury must also be minor
4. DThe only real risk is a minor infection of the skin wounds