Med-surg: GI, perioperative & oncology worksheet with answers

Which feature is typical of Crohn's disease?

1. AIt affects only the rectum and colon, in one continuous stretch
2. BIt affects only the liver and bile ducts
3. CIt affects only the stomach lining and causes ulcers there
4. DIt can affect any part of the gut, with normal bowel in between

Which two sites are most common for pressure ulcers in patients lying in bed?

1. AThe forearms and the knees
2. BThe palms and the forehead
3. CThe thighs and the upper arms
4. DThe sacrum and the heels

What is Barrett's oesophagus?

1. AA pouch in the upper oesophagus that traps food
2. BA tear in the oesophagus caused by forceful vomiting
3. CDilated veins in the lower oesophagus caused by portal hypertension
4. DA change of the lower oesophageal lining to a stomach-like type

Why do patients with major burns lose so much fluid in the first 24–48 hours?

1. APatients drink far too little in hospital in the first days
2. BThe burned skin absorbs fluid from the air
3. CThe kidneys stop making urine completely
4. DLeaky capillaries let plasma move into the tissues

When is cold therapy most useful for pain?

1. AFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours
2. BSoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling
3. CDirectly on skin with poor circulation
4. DOver numb areas where sensation is lost

How can low-dose opioids help a patient with breathlessness from advanced cancer?

1. AThey reduce the feeling of breathlessness
2. BThey open the airways like an inhaler
3. CThey cure the underlying lung disease
4. DThey increase the oxygen level in the blood

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. AA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG
2. BRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
3. CNormal ageing; no action needed
4. DA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only

A patient with long-standing chronic pancreatitis now has weight loss, thirst and passing large volumes of urine. What should the nurse check first?

1. AAbdominal girth
2. BPeak expiratory flow
3. CSerum amylase level
4. DCapillary blood glucose