1.Easy
Which tool helps assess pain in a person with advanced dementia who cannot report it?
- AThe Glasgow Coma Scale, scored every hour
- BAn observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
- CA numerical rating scale from 0 to 10, read out slowly
- DThe MUST nutrition score
2.Easy
What is metastasis?
- AShrinking of a tumour after treatment
- BSpread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
- CHealing of tissue after a biopsy
- DThe first appearance of a tumour in a single organ of the body
3.Easy
Using the rule of nines in an adult, what percentage is the whole front of the trunk?
- A36%
- B9%
- C18%
- D27%
4.Medium
Why are patients with large burns at risk of hypothermia?
- AThe fluids given are always chilled
- BLoss of skin reduces their ability to keep in heat
- CTheir metabolism stops after the injury
- DBurns always cause a low thyroid hormone level in the blood
5.Medium
Which presentation fits acute diverticulitis?
- ACentral chest pain spreading to the left arm
- BLeft lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP
- CRight upper abdominal pain after fatty meals
- DPainless jaundice with a palpable gallbladder
6.Medium
What is often the earliest sign of malignant hyperthermia during anaesthesia?
- AFlushed skin with a falling CO₂ level
- BA slowing heart rate and low blood pressure
- CA steady fall in body temperature
- DAn unexplained rise in end-tidal CO₂
7.Hard
A patient with breast cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with polyuria. Which oncological emergency should be considered?
- ATumour lysis syndrome
- BHypoglycaemia
- CHypercalcaemia of malignancy
- DSuperior vena cava obstruction
8.Hard
A patient has a category (stage) 2 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which plan is most appropriate?
- AOffload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
- BLeave it uncovered and dry it with a hair dryer
- CMassage around the wound every hour to stimulate blood flow to the skin
- DSit the patient upright in a chair for most of the day
Answer key
- 1. B · An observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
- 2. B · Spread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
- 3. C · 18%
- 4. B · Loss of skin reduces their ability to keep in heat
- 5. B · Left lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP
- 6. D · An unexplained rise in end-tidal CO₂
- 7. C · Hypercalcaemia of malignancy
- 8. A · Offload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
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