Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

What does acute kidney injury (AKI) mean?

1. AKidney stones without any change in function
2. BA rapid fall in kidney function over hours to days
3. CA bacterial infection of the kidney tissue
4. DA slow, permanent loss of kidney function over years

Which picture is typical of Guillain–Barré syndrome?

1. AA resting tremor that slowly spreads to the other hand
2. BRising weakness from the legs, weeks after an infection
3. CMuscle weakness that worsens late in the day and improves with rest
4. DA sudden one-sided facial droop with slurred speech

Which nerve cells are damaged in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease)?

1. ASensory nerves in the skin only
2. BThe optic nerves and retina
3. CUpper and lower motor neurons
4. DThe nerves of the autonomic system only

A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?

1. ADehydration from drinking too little
2. BLiver toxicity from valproate
3. CA sign that the dose is too low
4. DA normal adjustment reaction to the drug

A patient who has had type 1 diabetes for 30 years says they no longer feel the warning signs of a hypo. What is this called?

1. AHypoglycaemia unawareness
2. BDiabetic ketoacidosis
3. CThe dawn phenomenon
4. DInsulin resistance

A patient taking dapagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) is vomiting, with blood ketones of 4.5 mmol/L but a glucose of only 11 mmol/L. What should be suspected?

1. AEuglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis
2. BHyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
3. CA normal side effect needing no action
4. DHypoglycaemia caused by the vomiting

A nurse teaches foot care to a patient with diabetic neuropathy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will buy corn plasters from the pharmacy for my corn."
2. B"I will check my feet every day, using a mirror for the soles."
3. C"I will check that the bath water is not too hot using my elbow."
4. D"I will wear socks and shoes that fit well and do not rub."

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2.6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
2. BDeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result
3. CTeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
4. DChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range