Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

What is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer?

1. AA diet high in fruit
2. BSmoking
3. CFrequent urinary infections in childhood
4. DDrinking a lot of water

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

1. AHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
2. BPainless red urine with clots
3. CSwelling of the ankles and frothy urine
4. DBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency

Which three responses make up the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. AReflexes, muscle tone and sensation
2. BEye opening, verbal response and motor response
3. CPupil size, pulse and blood pressure
4. DOrientation to time, place and person, plus memory

A patient has had a calcium oxalate kidney stone. Which advice best helps prevent another?

1. ATake extra vitamin C supplements
2. BDrink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
3. CCut all calcium out of the diet
4. DDrink only a little to avoid diluting the urine

Which measure best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. ARemove the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
2. BDisconnect the bag regularly to empty it
3. CKeep the drainage bag above bladder level
4. DChange the catheter for a new one every day

What does a positive pronator drift test show?

1. AA normal response in older adults
2. BSubtle weakness in one arm
3. CLoss of hearing on one side
4. DWeakness of the eye muscles

Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?

1. AAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high
2. BBlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
3. CIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
4. DThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells

A patient's corrected calcium is 1.7 mmol/L (about 6.8 mg/dL). Which ECG change is most typical?

1. ATall, peaked T waves
2. BA prolonged QT interval
3. CA shortened QT interval
4. DST elevation in all leads