Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which eGFR defines stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. ABelow 120 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. BBelow 90 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. CBelow 60 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. DBelow 15 mL/min/1.73 m²

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey make the kidneys pass more glucose
2. BThey replace insulin that the body lacks
3. CThey slow down the absorption of food
4. DThey make the pancreas release more insulin

Why does a patient with a kidney transplant need lifelong medicines?

1. ATo keep the blood pressure low enough
2. BTo stop the immune system rejecting the new kidney
3. CTo help the new kidney make more urine each day
4. DTo prevent kidney stones in the new kidney

A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?

1. AA normal adjustment reaction to the drug
2. BDehydration from drinking too little
3. CA sign that the dose is too low
4. DLiver toxicity from valproate

Which complication of haemodialysis causes headache, nausea, restlessness and sometimes seizures, especially in the first sessions?

1. ADialysate hypoglycaemia
2. BDialysis disequilibrium syndrome
3. CVenous air embolism through the lines
4. DBacterial peritonitis

A patient taking carbimazole for hyperthyroidism reports a sore throat and fever. What should the nurse do?

1. AAdvise salt-water gargles and continue the drug for a week
2. BReassure the patient, as the drug has no serious blood side effects
3. CArrange an urgent full blood count to look for agranulocytosis
4. DDouble the dose to bring the thyroid under control faster

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and poor sleep. TSH is suppressed, and free T4 is high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA normal response to the drug
2. BThe dose is too high
3. CThe dose is too low
4. DThe thyroid has stopped working

The nurse has four patients with diabetes. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA newly diagnosed patient asking about which foods to eat
2. BA patient with a glucose of 14 mmol/L (252 mg/dL) who feels well and is eating
3. CA patient with a glucose of 2.8 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) who is sweaty and confused
4. DA patient waiting for a routine HbA1c test