Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

What does the HbA1c test show?

1. AThe amount of insulin the pancreas is making
2. BThe average blood glucose over about two to three months
3. CThe blood glucose at the exact moment that the sample is taken
4. DThe glucose level over the last 24 hours only

Which hormone do the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets make?

1. AInsulin
2. BGlucagon
3. CAmylase
4. DSomatostatin

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. AGetting lost in places that were familiar
2. BDifficulty finding the right words
3. CMemory problems in a person over the age of 75
4. DA sudden onset with attention that comes and goes

How should peritoneal dialysis fluid be warmed before use?

1. AIn a microwave oven
2. BIt should be used cold from the fridge
3. CIn a bowl of hot tap water
4. DIn a dedicated dry-heat warmer

Which statement about the PSA blood test is correct?

1. AA normal result always rules out any prostate cancer
2. BIt is only raised in women with bladder cancer
3. CA raised result always means prostate cancer
4. DIt can be raised by benign problems as well as by cancer

A patient is starting nitrofurantoin for a UTI. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AIt turns the tears and sweat bright orange
2. BIt must be taken only once a week
3. CIt should be taken on an empty stomach with milk
4. DIt may turn the urine dark yellow or brown

A kidney transplant recipient has had vomiting and diarrhoea for two days. Why should the transplant team be contacted?

1. AVomiting proves that rejection has already happened
2. BThe kidney will start to produce far too much urine
3. CThe tablets will make the vomiting stop
4. DThe patient may not be absorbing their immunosuppressants

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. APossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded
2. BCertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored
3. CA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
4. DNormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all