Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which symptoms are typical of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

1. APainless red urine with clots and weight loss
2. BA weak stream, hesitancy and passing urine at night
3. CLeaking urine only when coughing or laughing
4. DBurning pain on passing urine with a high fever

Which finding is a common reason for urgent dialysis?

1. AA haemoglobin of 105 g/L (10.5 g/dL) with mild tiredness
2. BHyperkalaemia that does not respond to treatment
3. CA single episode of itching
4. DA mildly raised creatinine with no symptoms

What is urge incontinence?

1. ALeaking because the toilet is too far away
2. BA sudden, strong need to pass urine, followed by leaking
3. CDribbling because the bladder never empties
4. DLeaking only when laughing, coughing or lifting heavy objects

A patient has just started levetiracetam. Which side effect should the nurse teach them to report?

1. AChanges in mood, such as irritability, low mood or anger
2. BOrange discoloration of the urine
3. CA persistent dry cough at night
4. DSwelling and overgrowth of the gums around the teeth

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. ABlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes
2. BCloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein
3. CClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
4. DClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein

Why is a patient weighed before and after each haemodialysis session?

1. ATo calculate the dose of every medicine for the coming week
2. BTo check for weight loss caused by malnutrition
3. CTo see how much fluid was removed and guide the dry weight
4. DBecause the machine cannot start without a weight

Four patients had a minor head injury with no loss of consciousness and a GCS of 15. Which one most needs a CT scan of the head?

1. AA 40-year-old with a mild headache that is improving
2. BA 25-year-old with a small scalp graze after a fall
3. CA 30-year-old who bumped their head on a cupboard door
4. DA 78-year-old who takes warfarin for atrial fibrillation

Three days after a stroke, a patient with dysphagia on a modified diet has a temperature of 38.2 °C (100.8 °F), a respiratory rate of 24/min and crackles at the right lung base. What should the nurse do?

1. ASuspect aspiration pneumonia, stop oral intake and escalate for review
2. BEncourage more fluids by mouth to treat the fever
3. CRecord the findings and recheck them at the next routine observation
4. DGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and continue the modified diet as before