Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Free printable Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet: 8 problems from easy to exam level, with an answer key. Print it or save it as a PDF.

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1.Easy

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

  1. AIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
  2. BIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
  3. CIt makes the kidneys pass more water
  4. DIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water
2.Easy

What is the most common type of kidney stone?

  1. ACalcium oxalate
  2. BStruvite
  3. CUric acid
  4. DCystine
3.Easy

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

  1. AMild burning on passing urine only
  2. BPassing urine more often at night only
  3. CUrine that smells slightly stronger
  4. DFever, rigors and pain in the loin
4.Medium

A patient with primary adrenal insufficiency has a fever. What is the usual sick-day advice for steroid replacement?

  1. AIncrease the glucocorticoid dose, often doubling it
  2. BStop the steroid until the fever has settled
  3. CKeep the usual dose and avoid drinking extra fluids for now
  4. DHalve the dose to reduce the side effects
5.Medium

A patient with Addison's disease takes fludrocortisone as well as hydrocortisone. Why?

  1. ATo lower the blood pressure
  2. BTo replace the missing adrenaline
  3. CTo replace the missing aldosterone
  4. DTo treat a low thyroid hormone level
6.Medium

A patient has hypertension that is hard to control and a persistently low potassium, without taking diuretics. Which condition should be considered?

  1. APrimary hypothyroidism
  2. BPrimary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's)
  3. CCranial diabetes insipidus
  4. DPrimary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's)
7.Hard

A patient with an acute stroke has a glucose of 15 mmol/L (270 mg/dL). They do not have known diabetes. What is appropriate?

  1. AGive glucose gel to stabilise the level
  2. BReport it and monitor glucose, as it can worsen outcome
  3. CStop all IV fluids to lower the glucose
  4. DIgnore it, because stress always raises glucose
8.Hard

A patient with a T4 spinal cord injury has a pounding headache, BP 210/110 mmHg, flushed sweaty skin above the injury and a pulse of 50/min. After sitting the patient up, what is the next priority?

  1. AFind and remove the trigger, starting with the bladder
  2. BGive a rapid IV fluid bolus to support the circulation
  3. CLie the patient flat again and raise the legs on pillows
  4. DGive a sedative and recheck the blood pressure in an hour

Answer key

  1. 1. D · It makes the kidneys reabsorb water
  2. 2. A · Calcium oxalate
  3. 3. D · Fever, rigors and pain in the loin
  4. 4. A · Increase the glucocorticoid dose, often doubling it
  5. 5. C · To replace the missing aldosterone
  6. 6. B · Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's)
  7. 7. B · Report it and monitor glucose, as it can worsen outcome
  8. 8. A · Find and remove the trigger, starting with the bladder

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