Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

How does haemodialysis remove waste from the blood?

1. AWaste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
2. BA filter in the stomach absorbs waste from food
3. CThe waste is removed through a tube in the bladder
4. DThe blood is spun so that waste sinks to the bottom

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically follows which event?

1. AA kidney stone passed the week before
2. BAn episode of bloody diarrhoea from food poisoning
3. CA throat or skin infection a few weeks earlier
4. DA long course of antibiotics for pneumonia

Which group of symptoms is typical of hypothyroidism?

1. AGreat thirst and passing large volumes of urine
2. BCold intolerance, tiredness, weight gain and constipation
3. CDiarrhoea, anxiety, sweating and bulging eyes
4. DHeat intolerance, weight loss, a fine tremor and palpitations

The day after a thyroidectomy, a patient reports tingling around the mouth and in the fingers. Why might this happen?

1. AThe patient is breathing too slowly after the operation
2. BThe thyroid hormone level has risen too high after surgery
3. CThe parathyroid glands may have been damaged, lowering calcium
4. DThe anaesthetic has caused an allergic reaction

A patient wakes up with stroke symptoms. They went to bed well at 23:00 and woke at 06:30. Which time is used as the time of onset?

1. A23:00, when they were last known to be well
2. BThe time of arrival at the hospital
3. C06:30, when the symptoms were first noticed
4. DThe time the CT scan was performed

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. AClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
2. BBlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes
3. CClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein
4. DCloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein

A woman with epilepsy who takes valproate says she is planning a pregnancy. Which response is most appropriate?

1. ATell her to stop taking the valproate completely from today
2. BReassure her that valproate is safe throughout pregnancy
3. CSuggest doubling the dose to protect the baby from seizures
4. DAdvise not stopping it suddenly and urgent specialist review

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. ALactulose
2. BMelatonin
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen)
4. DHaloperidol