Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

When should a rapid-acting insulin such as insulin aspart or lispro usually be given?

1. AJust before or with a meal
2. BOnce a day, whatever the meals
3. CAt bedtime, without any food
4. DAbout two hours after a meal

During a seizure, what is the most useful thing to record?

1. AWhen the patient last had something to eat
2. BWhen it started and stopped, and how it looked
3. CThe patient's blood pressure every minute throughout
4. DThe patient's temperature at the end only

A patient has a stroke affecting the left side of the brain. Where is weakness most likely to appear?

1. AIn both legs but not the arms
2. BIn the left side of the face only
3. COn the right side of the body
4. DOn the left side of the body

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA simple urinary tract infection
2. BLow blood glucose
3. CAcute pancreatitis
4. DNormal nausea from the drug

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. ACheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better
2. BAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting
3. CKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
4. DStop all insulin until normal eating restarts

A patient has acute low back pain with no red flags. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay in bed for two weeks until the pain is gone
2. BWear a rigid back brace all day and night for at least three months
3. CStay as active as possible and use simple pain relief
4. DAvoid all movement until an MRI scan has been done

A patient with type 1 diabetes is vomiting at home. Their glucose is 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL), and blood ketones are 3.5 mmol/L. What advice is correct?

1. ASeek urgent hospital assessment for possible DKA
2. BWait until the glucose is above 20 mmol/L (360 mg/dL)
3. CStop insulin until the vomiting has settled
4. DDrink less fluid to stop the vomiting

Which patient on a stroke unit is most at risk of falling?

1. AA patient with a left-hemisphere stroke who has expressive aphasia and waits for help
2. BA patient with a right-hemisphere stroke who is impulsive and denies having weakness
3. CA patient with mild dysarthria who walks steadily with a frame
4. DA patient with a TIA whose symptoms resolved completely yesterday