Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

What does acute kidney injury (AKI) mean?

1. AA bacterial infection of the kidney tissue
2. BA rapid fall in kidney function over hours to days
3. CKidney stones without any change in function
4. DA slow, permanent loss of kidney function over years

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically follows which event?

1. AA kidney stone passed the week before
2. BAn episode of bloody diarrhoea from food poisoning
3. CA long course of antibiotics for pneumonia
4. DA throat or skin infection a few weeks earlier

What does the term epilepsy mean?

1. AA tendency to have recurrent seizures that are not provoked
2. BA single seizure caused by a high fever
3. CA seizure caused only by low blood sugar
4. DAny brief loss of consciousness, such as fainting

A bladder scan straight after voiding shows 450 mL of urine still in the bladder. What does this show?

1. AThe bladder is not emptying properly
2. BThe kidneys are making too little urine
3. CThe patient has drunk too little fluid
4. DThe patient is passing urine normally

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A3, abnormal flexion
2. B5, localises to pain
3. C4, withdraws from pain
4. D6, obeys commands

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. AGout
2. BKidney stones
3. CSkin cancer
4. DHair loss

A haemodialysis patient missed their last two sessions. They are breathless, with crackles, and the potassium is 6.9 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. AA routine dialysis session at the next planned slot
2. BUrgent dialysis, with cardiac monitoring meanwhile
3. COral potassium supplements and rest
4. DLarge IV fluid boluses to improve the circulation

A patient with an acute stroke has a glucose of 15 mmol/L (270 mg/dL). They do not have known diabetes. What is appropriate?

1. AIgnore it, because stress always raises glucose
2. BStop all IV fluids to lower the glucose
3. CReport it and monitor glucose, as it can worsen outcome
4. DGive glucose gel to stabilise the level