Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which simple test is used to screen the feet of people with diabetes for loss of protective sensation?

1. AChecking the capillary refill of the fingers
2. BMeasuring the circumference of the calf
3. CTouching the sole with a 10 g monofilament
4. DMeasuring the capillary blood glucose on a toe

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by drinking too little water
2. BIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
3. CIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
4. DIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys

How is diabetic retinopathy usually picked up early?

1. AChecking the pupils with a torch at every visit
2. BWaiting until the patient notices blurred vision
3. CRegular eye screening with retinal photographs
4. DA yearly blood test for HbA1c only

A patient with Graves' eye disease has gritty eyes and swelling around them in the morning. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ASmoking more will not affect the eyes
2. BUse lubricating drops and sleep with the head raised
3. CRub the eyes firmly each morning to reduce the swelling
4. DStay in bright sunlight to dry the eyes

When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?

1. AThe left trigeminal nerve (V)
2. BThe right facial nerve (VII)
3. CThe right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
4. DThe left hypoglossal nerve (XII)

A patient receives phenytoin through a nasogastric tube along with continuous enteral feed. Which issue should the nurse know about?

1. APhenytoin must be crushed and mixed into the feed bag
2. BThe feed can reduce phenytoin absorption, so the feed is often paused around the dose
3. CThe feed increases phenytoin levels and causes toxicity within hours
4. DPhenytoin makes the feed curdle, so the two must never be used in one patient

A patient with multiple sclerosis has had worse leg weakness for one day, together with a fever and burning on passing urine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA pseudo-relapse caused by infection
2. BA true relapse that needs high-dose steroids
3. CA side effect of physiotherapy
4. DA change to progressive MS

During a water deprivation test for suspected diabetes insipidus, the patient loses more than 3% of body weight and becomes hypotensive. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the test and inform the doctor
2. BContinue the test, because this result is expected
3. CGive desmopressin without a prescription
4. DGive the patient a large drink and then restart the test