Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which classic triad is described in renal cell carcinoma, although few patients have all three?

1. ADysuria, frequency and urgency
2. BPolyuria, thirst and weight loss with tiredness
3. CFever, headache and a stiff neck
4. DHaematuria, flank pain and a palpable mass

Why do patients with chronic kidney disease often develop bone disease?

1. APatients usually drink too much milk
2. BThe kidneys release too much calcium into the bones
3. CThe bones are attacked by antibodies made in the kidneys
4. DThe kidneys cannot activate vitamin D or clear phosphate

Which group of symptoms is classic for meningitis?

1. AChest pain, cough and wheeze
2. BFlank pain, fever and painful urination
3. CFever, headache and neck stiffness
4. DJoint pain, rash on the cheeks and hair loss

Which group of problems is typical of primary hyperparathyroidism?

1. AHair loss, weight gain and feeling cold
2. BKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and low mood
3. CMuscle cramps, tingling lips and seizures
4. DHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhoea

Why should long-term steroid treatment not be stopped suddenly?

1. AThe suppressed adrenal glands cannot make enough cortisol at once
2. BStopping causes the blood glucose to fall sharply
3. CStopping suddenly makes the bones grow too quickly and then fracture
4. DThe steroids build up and become toxic after they are stopped

A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?

1. AA sign that the dose is too low
2. BA normal adjustment reaction to the drug
3. CDehydration from drinking too little
4. DLiver toxicity from valproate

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. ALactulose
2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen)
3. CMelatonin
4. DHaloperidol

Why may nitrofurantoin be avoided in an older patient with significantly reduced kidney function?

1. AIt works less well and is more likely to be toxic
2. BIt cures kidney disease too quickly
3. CIt cannot be taken with food in kidney disease
4. DIt turns the urine red in kidney disease