Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A129 mmol/L
2. B147 mmol/L
3. C138 mmol/L
4. D142 mmol/L

What causes Graves' disease?

1. AA lack of iodine in the diet
2. BAntibodies that stimulate the TSH receptor
3. CToo much TSH from a pituitary tumour
4. DA viral infection of the parathyroid glands

What is overflow incontinence?

1. ALeaking when sneezing or jumping
2. BWetting caused by not being able to undress quickly
3. CDribbling from a bladder that does not empty properly
4. DLeaking after a sudden strong urge

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time
2. BTo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain
3. CTo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly
4. DTo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly

Why is nimodipine given to patients after a subarachnoid haemorrhage?

1. ATo reduce brain injury from delayed vasospasm
2. BTo raise the blood pressure and improve perfusion
3. CTo stop seizures in the first few days
4. DTo dissolve the blood clot around the aneurysm

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen
2. BInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed
3. CInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
4. DAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. AParacetamol (acetaminophen)
2. BHaloperidol
3. CMelatonin
4. DLactulose

A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before
2. BKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin
3. CThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer
4. DKidney disease makes the meter read too low