Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which group of features is typical of Parkinson's disease?

1. AResting tremor, rigidity and slow movement
2. BIntention tremor, muscle wasting and twitching under the skin
3. CDrooping eyelids and double vision that get worse later in the day
4. DWeakness rising from the feet, with tingling and lost reflexes

How does glucagon raise blood glucose?

1. AIt blocks the absorption of glucose in muscle
2. BIt adds glucose directly into the bloodstream
3. CIt stops the kidneys losing glucose in urine
4. DIt makes the liver release stored glucose

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. ASinus arrhythmia
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DFirst-degree heart block

How do DPP-4 inhibitors such as sitagliptin work?

1. AThey replace insulin that the pancreas cannot make
2. BThey stop the gut from absorbing fat
3. CThey prolong the action of gut incretin hormones
4. DThey block glucose reabsorption in the kidney

Which electrolyte pattern is typical of Addison's disease?

1. AHigh calcium and low phosphate
2. BLow sodium and high potassium
3. CLow potassium and low glucose
4. DHigh sodium and low potassium

A patient takes an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. ADouble the dose during illness to control the glucose
2. BPause the drug during illness with vomiting or poor intake
3. CStop drinking fluids while taking the drug
4. DKeep taking it as normal, whatever the illness

A patient with renal colic has normal kidney function and no other contraindications. Which drug is usually the first choice for pain?

1. AA benzodiazepine such as diazepam
2. BOral paracetamol (acetaminophen) alone
3. CAn oral antihistamine such as cetirizine
4. DAn NSAID such as diclofenac

A patient's potassium is 7.1 mmol/L, and the ECG shows peaked T waves and broad QRS complexes. What is the first treatment?

1. AOral potassium binder
2. BOral sodium bicarbonate
3. CIV furosemide
4. DIV calcium gluconate