Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Why is it important to record when a stroke patient was last known to be well?

1. AThe time decides which side of the brain is affected
2. BTreatments such as thrombolysis depend on the time since onset
3. CPatients seen after one hour cannot be admitted to a stroke unit
4. DThe time is needed to calculate the patient's GCS score

What is a suprapubic catheter?

1. AA catheter passed into the bladder through the urethra
2. BA small catheter used only once and then removed
3. CA tube placed into the kidney through the back
4. DA catheter put into the bladder through the abdomen

How should a patient with a suspected spinal injury be turned?

1. ALog-rolled by a team keeping the spine aligned
2. BLifted by the arms and legs by one person
3. CTurned at the shoulders first, then at the hips
4. DAsked to roll over slowly by themselves

A patient taking dapagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) is vomiting, with blood ketones of 4.5 mmol/L but a glucose of only 11 mmol/L. What should be suspected?

1. AA normal side effect needing no action
2. BHypoglycaemia caused by the vomiting
3. CHyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
4. DEuglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6.4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive oral potassium supplements straight away
2. BStart dialysis as soon as possible
3. CIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result
4. DInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample

Which complication of haemodialysis causes headache, nausea, restlessness and sometimes seizures, especially in the first sessions?

1. ADialysis disequilibrium syndrome
2. BDialysate hypoglycaemia
3. CVenous air embolism through the lines
4. DBacterial peritonitis

A patient with diabetes insipidus after head trauma needs hourly urine output measurement. Which task can be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing the patient's level of consciousness
2. BMeasuring hourly urine and reporting results above a set amount
3. CInterpreting the serum sodium results
4. DDeciding whether to give the next desmopressin dose

A nurse teaches the family of a patient on insulin how to manage a severe hypo. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will put her on her side and call an ambulance straight away."
2. B"If she is unconscious, I will pour juice into her mouth."
3. C"I will give the glucagon as I was shown."
4. D"When she can swallow, I will give her a snack."