Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by drinking too little water
2. BIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
3. CIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
4. DIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys

Which isolation precautions are used for a patient with suspected meningococcal meningitis?

1. ANo extra precautions, because it is not infectious
2. BAirborne precautions in a negative pressure room for 2 weeks
3. CDroplet precautions until about 24 hours of effective antibiotics
4. DContact precautions only, with gloves for skin contact

Which description best fits an absence seizure?

1. AA sudden loss of muscle tone that makes the person fall
2. BStiffening and then jerking of all four limbs for several minutes
3. CJerking that starts in one hand and spreads up the arm
4. DA brief staring spell of a few seconds with a quick return to normal

After IV thrombolysis for stroke, which observations are most important in the first 24 hours?

1. ADaily weight and the fluid balance only
2. BHourly peak flow and oxygen saturation
3. CFrequent neurological checks and BP
4. DBowel sounds and abdominal girth hourly

After pressing the plunger of an insulin pen, what should the patient do?

1. ALeave the needle on the pen for the next injection
2. BInject a second dose straight away to be sure
3. CPull the needle out at once and rub the site firmly
4. DKeep the needle in the skin for about 10 seconds

A patient with Graves' eye disease has gritty eyes and swelling around them in the morning. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay in bright sunlight to dry the eyes
2. BUse lubricating drops and sleep with the head raised
3. CRub the eyes firmly each morning to reduce the swelling
4. DSmoking more will not affect the eyes

A patient's chronic hyponatraemia was corrected from 115 to 132 mmol/L in 24 hours. Two days later they develop slurred speech, difficulty swallowing and limb weakness. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA new stroke unrelated to the sodium
2. BNormal recovery from hyponatraemia
3. CHypoglycaemia from poor intake
4. DOsmotic demyelination syndrome

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. ALactulose
2. BHaloperidol
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen)
4. DMelatonin