1.Easy
What shape are cocci?
- ASpiral
- BComma-shaped
- CRound
- DRod-shaped
2.Easy
What is a yeast?
- AA type of spiral bacterium
- BA small virus
- CA multicellular parasite
- DA single-celled fungus
3.Easy
What is a pathogen?
- AA drug that kills bacteria
- BA cell of the immune system
- CAny microorganism living on the skin
- DA microorganism that can cause disease
4.Medium
Which vaccine contains live attenuated (weakened) viruses?
- AHepatitis B vaccine
- BMMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
- CTetanus vaccine
- DInactivated influenza injection
5.Medium
Toxoplasma gondii is a risk in pregnancy. Which advice reduces exposure?
- AAvoid cleaning cat litter and avoid undercooked meat
- BAvoid all fruit and vegetables
- CAvoid contact with dogs
- DAvoid swimming pools and all other public bathing areas
6.Medium
Transfer of bacterial genes from one bacterium to another by a virus is called:
- ATranscription
- BTransformation
- CConjugation
- DTransduction
7.Hard
A traveller returns from sub-Saharan Africa with fever. Malaria is suspected. Which species is most likely to cause severe and cerebral malaria?
- APlasmodium malariae
- BPlasmodium falciparum
- CPlasmodium vivax
- DPlasmodium ovale
8.Hard
A urinary catheter has become colonised by bacteria in a biofilm. Why is the catheter usually replaced instead of just giving antibiotics?
- ABacteria in biofilms are protected and much harder for antibiotics to kill
- BAntibiotics damage the catheter material
- CBiofilm bacteria cannot cause disease
- DBiofilms contain only viruses, so antibiotics do not work
Answer key
- 1. C · Round
- 2. D · A single-celled fungus
- 3. D · A microorganism that can cause disease
- 4. B · MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
- 5. A · Avoid cleaning cat litter and avoid undercooked meat
- 6. D · Transduction
- 7. B · Plasmodium falciparum
- 8. A · Bacteria in biofilms are protected and much harder for antibiotics to kill
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