1.Easy
What is a bacteriophage?
- AA white blood cell that eats bacteria
- BAn antibiotic made by fungi
- CA bacterium that infects viruses
- DA virus that infects bacteria
2.Easy
Which microorganism most often causes oral or vaginal thrush?
- ATrichomonas vaginalis
- BCandida albicans
- CStaphylococcus aureus
- DHerpes simplex virus
3.Easy
What is an obligate anaerobe?
- AAn organism that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen
- BAn organism that needs oxygen to grow
- CAn organism that lives only in the lungs
- DAn organism that grows both with and without oxygen present
4.Medium
Which antibody class is the first to rise in a new infection?
- AIgM
- BIgE
- CIgG
- DIgA
5.Medium
Which cells does HIV mainly infect and destroy?
- ACD4 T helper cells
- BNeutrophils
- CRed blood cells
- DPlatelets
6.Medium
Why are pregnant women advised to avoid unpasteurised soft cheeses?
- AThey may contain tapeworm eggs
- BThey contain too much lactose for the fetus
- CThey often contain the hepatitis C virus, which crosses the placenta
- DThey may contain Listeria, which can harm the fetus
7.Hard
Corynebacterium diphtheriae causes diphtheria only if it produces diphtheria toxin. When does it make this toxin?
- AWhenever it is exposed to antibiotics
- BOnly when it is grown at high temperature
- CWhen it carries a bacteriophage with the toxin gene
- DOnly after it has conjugated with E. coli and received a plasmid
8.Hard
Which bacterial toxin causes the muscle spasms of tetanus?
- ATetanospasmin, which blocks inhibitory neurotransmitter release
- BEndotoxin from the outer membrane
- CBotulinum toxin, which blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction
- DCholera toxin, which activates adenylate cyclase
Answer key
- 1. D · A virus that infects bacteria
- 2. B · Candida albicans
- 3. A · An organism that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen
- 4. A · IgM
- 5. A · CD4 T helper cells
- 6. D · They may contain Listeria, which can harm the fetus
- 7. C · When it carries a bacteriophage with the toxin gene
- 8. A · Tetanospasmin, which blocks inhibitory neurotransmitter release
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