Microbiology worksheet with answers

How do bacteria usually reproduce?

1. ABinary fission
2. BBudding from a spore
3. CMitosis with a nuclear membrane
4. DMeiosis

Why are viruses called obligate intracellular parasites?

1. AThey only live inside the intestine
2. BThey can only be seen inside a cell under a microscope
3. CThey can only replicate inside a living host cell
4. DThey always kill the host cell immediately

Which of these is usually the smallest?

1. AA bacterium
2. BA yeast cell
3. CA red blood cell
4. DA virus

In the lysogenic cycle of a bacteriophage, what happens to the phage DNA?

1. AIt is destroyed by the bacterium
2. BIt is integrated into the bacterial chromosome as a prophage
3. CIt is immediately used to make new phages that burst the cell
4. DIt leaves the cell through the pilus

Which white blood cells are the main phagocytes in an acute bacterial infection and the main component of pus?

1. ANeutrophils
2. BEosinophils
3. CBasophils
4. DB lymphocytes

What is the main difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

1. AAdaptive immunity is specific and forms memory; innate immunity does not
2. BInnate immunity develops only after vaccination
3. CInnate immunity uses antibodies and forms memory; adaptive immunity does not
4. DAdaptive immunity acts within minutes of infection

An older adult develops a painful blistering rash in a band on one side of the chest. What explains this pattern?

1. AVaricella-zoster virus reactivates from one sensory ganglion and travels along its nerve
2. BBacteria spread along the lymphatic vessels of the chest
3. CAn allergic reaction to clothing affects one dermatome
4. DA new chickenpox infection spreads through the blood to one side

Why can an HIV antibody test be negative in the first weeks after infection?

1. AThe body has not yet produced enough antibodies to detect
2. BThe antibodies are destroyed by the test reagents
3. CHIV does not trigger antibody production at all
4. DThe virus hides only in red blood cells during the first weeks