1.Easy
What is a yeast?
- AA multicellular parasite
- BA single-celled fungus
- CA small virus
- DA type of spiral bacterium
2.Easy
What is agar used for in a microbiology laboratory?
- ATo stain bacteria purple
- BTo dissolve bacterial cell walls
- CTo kill bacteria on surfaces
- DTo make culture media solid
3.Easy
What is the main function of bacterial flagella?
- AMovement
- BProtection against drying out
- CStorage of nutrients
- DAttachment to host cells
4.Medium
Toxoplasma gondii is a risk in pregnancy. Which advice reduces exposure?
- AAvoid all fruit and vegetables
- BAvoid contact with dogs
- CAvoid cleaning cat litter and avoid undercooked meat
- DAvoid swimming pools and all other public bathing areas
5.Medium
Which organism causes typhoid fever?
- ASalmonella Typhi
- BCampylobacter jejuni
- CVibrio cholerae
- DShigella dysenteriae
6.Medium
Which statement is one of Koch's postulates?
- AThe disease must respond to antibiotics
- BThe organism must be found in healthy people as well
- CThe organism must cause the same disease when introduced into a healthy susceptible host
- DThe organism must be visible with the naked eye
7.Hard
Joseph Lister reduced infection after surgery in the 1860s. What was his main innovation?
- AUsing carbolic acid (phenol) as an antiseptic on wounds and instruments
- BUsing steam autoclaves to sterilise all surgical instruments before each operation
- CGiving sulfonamide antibiotics after every operation
- DVaccinating surgeons against staphylococci
8.Hard
A patient with suspected infectious pulmonary tuberculosis is admitted. Which precautions are needed?
- ADroplet precautions with a surgical mask, and only within one metre
- BContact precautions only, with gloves and an apron
- CAirborne precautions, ideally a negative-pressure room and respirator masks for staff
- DNo special precautions, because TB spreads only by blood
Answer key
- 1. B · A single-celled fungus
- 2. D · To make culture media solid
- 3. A · Movement
- 4. C · Avoid cleaning cat litter and avoid undercooked meat
- 5. A · Salmonella Typhi
- 6. C · The organism must cause the same disease when introduced into a healthy susceptible host
- 7. A · Using carbolic acid (phenol) as an antiseptic on wounds and instruments
- 8. C · Airborne precautions, ideally a negative-pressure room and respirator masks for staff
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