Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

What is the main effect of applying cold to a new sprain?

1. AThe muscles relax and stretch more easily
2. BThe bones heal more quickly
3. CBlood vessels widen, bringing more blood to the area
4. DBlood vessels narrow, reducing swelling and pain

What does patient advocacy by a nurse mean?

1. AMaking care decisions on behalf of every patient in their best interests
2. BDefending the hospital in complaints
3. CSpeaking up for the patient's rights and interests
4. DGiving legal advice to patients

What is healing by primary intention?

1. AHealing of an open wound that slowly fills with new tissue from its base upwards
2. BHealing of a wound that needs a skin graft to close
3. CHealing of a wound whose edges are closed together, such as a sutured incision
4. DHealing of a wound that was left open and closed a few days later

When is a sputum sample for culture best collected?

1. AAt any time, using saliva from the mouth
2. BIn the morning, from a deep cough, before antibiotics start
3. CAfter the first few doses of antibiotics
4. DIn the evening, after the patient has eaten and drunk

A patient with a leg injury is climbing stairs with crutches. Which leg should go up first?

1. AThe unaffected leg
2. BBoth legs together
3. CThe crutches always go first
4. DThe injured leg

In England and Wales, what does it mean if a child under 16 is "Gillick competent"?

1. AThey have enough understanding to consent to a particular treatment themselves
2. BTheir parents must always make every decision for them
3. CThey are old enough to vote and drive
4. DThey can refuse all treatment, whatever the risk, until they reach the age of 18

Four patients need you at the same time. Who should you see first?

1. AA patient who has developed noisy, high-pitched breathing (stridor)
2. BA patient due for a routine oral medicine
3. CA patient asking about their discharge time
4. DA patient with pain of 6/10 who was given oral analgesia 20 minutes ago

A patient with a slow-healing leg ulcer is eating less than half of their meals. What is the most helpful nursing action?

1. AAsk the patient to drink less to avoid swelling
2. BGive extra salt to stimulate the appetite
3. CRefer to the dietitian and support protein and energy intake
4. DWait until the ulcer heals before addressing nutrition