Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

What is extravasation?

1. ALeakage of plain saline from the cannula into the tissue around the vein
2. BA cannula that has slipped deeper into the vein
3. CLeakage of an irritant (vesicant) drug into the tissue around the vein
4. DBleeding from the site after the cannula is removed

What does "stat" mean on a prescription?

1. AGive once, immediately
2. BGive only if needed
3. CGive every four hours
4. DGive only at night

Which oxygen device can deliver the highest oxygen concentration?

1. AA Venturi mask set to 24%
2. BNasal cannula
3. CA simple face mask
4. DA non-rebreather mask with a reservoir bag

At what angle is a subcutaneous injection usually given?

1. A90 degrees after stretching the skin flat
2. BAlways exactly 15 degrees, with the skin stretched flat
3. CAlways parallel to the skin
4. D45 to 90 degrees, depending on the amount of fat

Why is a slide sheet used to move a patient up the bed?

1. AIt reduces friction and shear on the skin
2. BIt warms the patient during the move
3. CIt keeps the bed clean during the move
4. DIt lets one nurse lift the patient alone

A patient is at high risk of falling. Which measure is most appropriate?

1. ARestrict the patient to bed without assessment
2. BRaise all bed rails routinely and keep the patient in bed until reviewed
3. CKeep the bed low, the call bell within reach and non-slip footwear on
4. DGive a sedative at night

Why are a patient's observations checked about 15 minutes after a blood transfusion starts?

1. AReactions only ever occur after the transfusion ends
2. BSerious reactions often happen early in a transfusion
3. CIt is only for record-keeping purposes
4. DIt is the time the blood takes to warm up

Which feature best helps distinguish delirium from dementia?

1. ADementia always improves once the underlying cause has been treated
2. BDelirium always lasts for many years
3. CDelirium starts suddenly and attention fluctuates during the day
4. DDementia starts within hours of an infection