Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

What is a wheeze?

1. AA crackling sound heard over the heart
2. BA harsh sound heard only when breathing in through the nose
3. CA high-pitched whistling sound caused by narrowed airways
4. DA low rattling sound caused by fluid in the throat

Which of these is an example of secondary prevention?

1. AGiving a flu vaccine to an older adult
2. BTeaching children to wash their hands
3. CCervical screening to detect early changes
4. DPhysiotherapy after a hip replacement

On a 0–10 numeric pain rating scale, what does 0 mean?

1. AMild pain
2. BNo pain
3. CPain that is well controlled with medication
4. DThe worst pain imaginable

Why should a tourniquet not be left on for a long time before taking blood?

1. AIt stops the needle from entering the vein because the vein is too hard
2. BIt can change the results, for example by concentrating the blood
3. CIt makes the patient's arm grow stronger
4. DIt makes the blood turn blue in the tube

How is pitting oedema checked?

1. APress on the nail bed and time the return of colour
2. BMeasure the width of both calves with a tape measure once a week and compare them
3. CPinch the skin on the back of the hand and see how fast it falls back
4. DPress over a bony area such as the shin for a few seconds and look for a dent

Which care best protects the skin of a patient with frequent urinary incontinence?

1. AScrubbing the area with soap and hot water twice a day
2. BGentle cleansing after each episode and a barrier product
3. CLeaving the skin wet so it does not dry out
4. DApplying talcum powder thickly after each episode

A patient going home on warfarin has been taught about the drug. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll stop eating all green vegetables from now on."
2. B"I'll report any blood in my urine or black stools."
3. C"I'll try to keep the amount of green vegetables I eat steady."
4. D"I'll keep my appointments for blood tests."

A urine culture reports a mixed growth of several organisms. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe sample was contaminated during collection
2. BThe laboratory used the wrong test
3. CThe patient is resistant to all antibiotics
4. DThe patient has several serious infections at once