Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

What does a DNACPR decision (often called a DNR or DNAR order in the US) mean?

1. ACPR will not be attempted, but all other care continues
2. BThe patient will receive no treatment at all
3. CThe patient must be moved to a hospice
4. DThe patient can no longer be given oxygen, fluids or antibiotics

In a patient lying on their back, which two areas most often develop pressure ulcers?

1. AThe sacrum and the heels
2. BThe shoulders and the chest
3. CThe knees and the shins
4. DThe elbows and the ears

Where is a sublingual tablet placed?

1. AIn the back of the throat to be swallowed
2. BOn top of the tongue to be chewed
3. CUnder the tongue
4. DBetween the cheek and the gum

When cleaning a surgical incision, in which direction should the nurse clean?

1. AFrom the incision outwards, using a new swab for each stroke
2. BFrom the surrounding skin towards the incision with one swab
3. CIn circles from the outside in, reusing the swab
4. DBack and forth along the incision with the same swab

How should an unconscious patient be positioned for mouth care?

1. ASitting fully upright with the head bent forwards
2. BFlat on their back with the head tilted back
3. CProne with the face in the pillow
4. DOn their side with the head turned, with suction ready

On the first step of the WHO analgesic ladder, which drugs are used?

1. AWeak opioids only, such as codeine
2. BStrong opioids such as morphine
3. CNon-opioids such as paracetamol (acetaminophen) or an NSAID
4. DGeneral anaesthetic drugs given in low doses

A patient with dementia keeps getting out of bed at night. What is the best first nursing approach?

1. ARaise the bed rails and leave the patient alone
2. BLook for an unmet need such as toileting, pain, hunger or thirst
3. CAsk the doctor to prescribe a sedative so the patient sleeps through the night
4. DTie a sheet across the bed to keep the patient in

A patient with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis has to go to the X-ray department. What is correct?

1. AThe patient cannot leave the room under any circumstances
2. BNo precautions are needed outside the ward
3. CThe patient wears a surgical mask during transport
4. DThe patient wears a respirator and staff wear nothing