Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

Why is regular mouth care important for patients who are nil by mouth?

1. AIt replaces the need for fluids
2. BIt prevents a dry mouth and reduces the risk of infection
3. CIt is only needed for patients with dentures or gum disease
4. DIt helps them to swallow tablets

A patient lying flat on their back is in which position?

1. ALateral
2. BFowler's
3. CSupine
4. DProne

Which ethical principle is about treating patients fairly and sharing resources fairly?

1. AVeracity
2. BJustice
3. CAutonomy
4. DBeneficence

Which measure is appropriate for a patient with a fever who feels hot and uncomfortable?

1. AAn ice bath until the patient shivers
2. BExtra blankets to make the patient sweat it out
3. CLight bedclothes, plenty of fluids and a prescribed antipyretic
4. DRestricting fluids so the patient sweats less during the fever

How should an unconscious patient be positioned for mouth care?

1. AFlat on their back with the head tilted back
2. BSitting fully upright with the head bent forwards
3. CProne with the face in the pillow
4. DOn their side with the head turned, with suction ready

Which measure helps prevent deep vein thrombosis in hospital patients?

1. AKeeping the patient in bed as long as possible
2. BEarly mobilisation and leg exercises
3. CCrossing the legs while sitting
4. DRestricting fluids

On the morning of surgery, a patient who signed the consent form says they do not understand what the operation involves. What should the nurse do?

1. AInform the surgeon so consent can be discussed again before surgery
2. BReassure the patient that signing the form is enough for consent to be valid
3. CExplain the operation's risks themselves and go ahead
4. DSend the patient to theatre, as the form is already signed

A dying patient's breathing gets deeper and faster, then shallower, followed by a pause with no breathing, in a repeating cycle. What is this pattern called?

1. ACheyne–Stokes breathing
2. BBiot's breathing
3. CKussmaul breathing
4. DParadoxical breathing