Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

Why is regular mouth care important for patients who are nil by mouth?

1. AIt replaces the need for fluids
2. BIt is only needed for patients with dentures or gum disease
3. CIt helps them to swallow tablets
4. DIt prevents a dry mouth and reduces the risk of infection

Which advice is part of good sleep hygiene?

1. AAvoid caffeine in the late afternoon and evening
2. BTake long naps late in the day
3. CUse a phone or tablet in bed until falling asleep
4. DHave a large meal just before bed

What is healing by primary intention?

1. AHealing of an open wound that slowly fills with new tissue from its base upwards
2. BHealing of a wound whose edges are closed together, such as a sutured incision
3. CHealing of a wound that needs a skin graft to close
4. DHealing of a wound that was left open and closed a few days later

What is informed consent?

1. AA signed form that removes all liability from staff for any harm caused by the procedure
2. BA signature from any family member
3. CAgreement obtained after the procedure
4. DVoluntary agreement by a patient with capacity, after receiving adequate information

How is a 24-hour urine collection started?

1. AA sample is taken every four hours and the rest discarded
2. BThe first urine of the morning is discarded and the time noted, then all urine is kept
3. COnly urine passed at night is collected
4. DThe first urine of the morning is kept and the rest of the day's urine is discarded

While being helped to eat, a patient with dysphagia coughs and their voice sounds wet and gurgly. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a drink of water to wash the food down
2. BLie the patient flat to rest
3. CStop feeding and report for a swallowing assessment
4. DFeed more quickly so the meal is finished before they tire

Which feature suggests that a sore area is a moisture lesion rather than a pressure ulcer?

1. ADiffuse, irregular redness in a skin fold, not over a bone
2. BA dark area of necrotic tissue over the heel
3. CA deep wound with straight edges over the hip
4. DA circular area of damage directly over the sacral bone

A 70 kg postoperative patient with a catheter has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. ANormal output after surgery
2. BPolyuria needing fluid restriction
3. COliguria that should be escalated, as it is below 0.5 mL/kg/h
4. DA blocked catheter, which can safely be left until the morning team reviews it