Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

In a conscious adult who can communicate, what is the most reliable measure of pain?

1. AThe amount of analgesia already given
2. BThe patient's own report
3. CThe nurse's impression of the patient's face
4. DThe heart rate

Why is regular mouth care important for patients who are nil by mouth?

1. AIt replaces the need for fluids
2. BIt helps them to swallow tablets
3. CIt prevents a dry mouth and reduces the risk of infection
4. DIt is only needed for patients with dentures or gum disease

Which of these is subjective data?

1. AThe patient vomited 150 mL
2. BThe patient's skin is pale and moist
3. CThe patient's temperature is 37.9 °C
4. DThe patient says she feels sick

An IV cannula site is swollen, cool and pale, and the infusion has slowed. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the infusion rate to clear the blockage
2. BStop the infusion and remove the cannula
3. CApply a warm pack and keep the infusion running
4. DFlush the cannula hard with saline

Which of these is one of the five rights of delegation?

1. AThe right salary
2. BThe right supervision
3. CThe right time of year
4. DThe right uniform

When measuring blood pressure manually, which sound marks the systolic pressure?

1. AThe loudest sound heard
2. BThe sound heard before the cuff is inflated
3. CThe first clear tapping sound as the cuff deflates
4. DThe point at which all sounds disappear as the cuff deflates

A stable patient is woken every hour for observations and is becoming tired and confused. What is the best nursing action?

1. AStop all observations so the patient can sleep
2. BKeep the same plan, as observations matter more than sleep for patients
3. CAsk the doctor for a sedative to help the patient sleep
4. DAsk the team whether the observations can safely be done less often

Over 24 hours a patient takes in 2400 mL and has a total measured output of 1800 mL. What is the fluid balance?

1. ANegative 600 mL
2. BBalanced, because both values are high
3. CPositive 4200 mL
4. DPositive 600 mL