Nursing fundamentals worksheet with answers

What is eschar?

1. APink new skin growing in from the wound edge
2. BHealthy red, bumpy new tissue in a wound
3. CSoft, yellow, stringy dead tissue in a wound
4. DThick, dry, black or brown dead tissue in a wound

Which professional mainly assesses and treats swallowing problems?

1. APodiatrist
2. BSpeech and language therapist (speech-language pathologist)
3. COccupational therapist
4. DRespiratory physiotherapist

What does culturally sensitive care mean?

1. AGiving every patient exactly the same care plan, whatever their background
2. BOnly caring for patients from your own culture
3. CAsking patients to follow the hospital's culture
4. DRespecting the patient's beliefs and values when planning care

Why does long-term immobility increase the risk of kidney stones?

1. AThe kidneys stop producing urine during bed rest
2. BPatients on bed rest drink too much fluid
3. CCalcium released from bone raises the calcium in the urine
4. DLying flat makes the kidneys produce extra uric acid

In England and Wales, what does it mean if a child under 16 is "Gillick competent"?

1. AThey are old enough to vote and drive
2. BThey can refuse all treatment, whatever the risk, until they reach the age of 18
3. CTheir parents must always make every decision for them
4. DThey have enough understanding to consent to a particular treatment themselves

A patient shouts at the nurse that nobody has told them when their operation will be. What is the best first response?

1. AStay calm, listen and acknowledge their frustration
2. BWalk away until the patient calms down by themselves
3. CTell the patient to stop shouting or leave the ward
4. DArgue back that the staff are very busy

A postoperative wound drain that had drained little suddenly fills with bright red blood. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the drain because it is not working
2. BCheck the patient's vital signs and report it urgently
3. CEmpty the drain and record it at the next routine round
4. DClamp the drain and tell no one

An 82-year-old takes nine regular medicines and has had two falls this month. What is the most useful next step?

1. AAdd a sedative to help them rest
2. BStop all the medicines straight away
3. CAdvise the patient to stay in bed
4. DAsk for a full medication review