Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

Which early sign may suggest autism in a toddler?

1. ABeing shy with strangers at 9 months
2. BSaying "no" often and having tantrums at 2 years
3. CPreferring to play next to other toddlers rather than with them
4. DNot pointing to show interest and little eye contact by about 18 months

How is sickle cell disease inherited?

1. AAutosomal recessive
2. BNot inherited; it is acquired
3. CX-linked recessive
4. DAutosomal dominant

Which vaccine has made acute epiglottitis much less common in children?

1. AMeasles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine
2. BPneumococcal conjugate vaccine
3. CHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine
4. DRotavirus vaccine given by mouth

In a large ventricular septal defect, in which direction does blood mainly flow through the defect?

1. AFrom the aorta into the pulmonary veins
2. BThere is no flow at all, because the pressures in both ventricles are always equal
3. CFrom left to right, increasing blood flow to the lungs
4. DFrom right to left, causing cyanosis from birth

Which stool pattern is typical of Hirschsprung disease in an older child?

1. APale, bulky, fatty stools that float and are hard to flush, with a large appetite
2. BNormal stools with occasional itching around the anus at night
3. CFrequent bloody diarrhoea with fever after eating chicken
4. DChronic constipation with thin, ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools and distension

Which nursing measure is most helpful for an infant with bronchiolitis?

1. ARoutine antibiotics
2. BGentle nasal suctioning before feeds and monitoring of hydration and oxygen saturation
3. CLying the infant flat on the stomach to sleep so that secretions can drain from the airway
4. DHolding all feeds until the infant improves

A 4-year-old has a high fever, is drooling, sitting forward with the neck extended and looks anxious. What should the nurse do first?

1. AKeep the child calm and upright with the parent, and call a team skilled in airway management
2. BTake a throat swab to identify the organism
3. CInsert an IV cannula before calling for help
4. DLie the child flat and use a tongue depressor to look into the throat and confirm the swelling

A child with leukaemia and a very high white cell count starts chemotherapy. Which blood results suggest tumour lysis syndrome?

1. AHigh sodium, high glucose, low albumin and low urea
2. BLow potassium, low phosphate, low uric acid and high calcium
3. CHigh potassium, high phosphate, high uric acid and low calcium
4. DLow haemoglobin and low platelets with a normal potassium