Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

Which finding inside the mouth is typical of early measles?

1. AA bright red "strawberry" tongue with large papillae
2. BKoplik spots: small white spots on the inside of the cheeks
3. CPainful blisters on the tongue, gums and palate
4. DA thick white coating on the tongue and cheeks that can be wiped off

Which illness causes a bright red rash on both cheeks, often called "slapped cheek"?

1. AMeasles (rubeola virus)
2. BFifth disease (parvovirus B19)
3. CImpetigo (staphylococcus)
4. DScarlet fever (group A streptococcus)

Which axillary temperature range is normal for a newborn?

1. AAbout 35.0 to 36.0 °C (95.0 to 96.8 °F)
2. BAbout 36.5 to 37.5 °C (97.7 to 99.5 °F)
3. CAbout 37.8 to 38.5 °C (100.0 to 101.3 °F)
4. DAbout 34.0 to 35.0 °C (93.2 to 95.0 °F)

A family has a 2-year-old. Which advice about medicines at home is best?

1. AKeep daily medicines in a handbag so they are always at hand
2. BLock all medicines away, out of reach and sight, in child-resistant containers
3. CCall medicines "sweets" so the child is happy to take them
4. DRely on child-resistant caps alone, since toddlers are not strong enough to open them

A toddler with hand, foot and mouth disease refuses to drink because of painful mouth sores. What is the priority?

1. APreventing hair loss
2. BStarting antibiotics
3. CPreventing dehydration
4. DTreating the rash with steroid cream

Which instruction about preparing powdered infant formula is correct?

1. AFollow the stated water-to-powder ratio exactly and do not warm bottles in a microwave
2. BAdd extra water in hot weather so the baby gets more fluid
3. CAdd an extra scoop of powder to each bottle to help a small baby gain weight faster
4. DWarm bottles in the microwave, as long as they are shaken first

The parent of a child on chemotherapy calls to say the child has a temperature of 38.5 °C (101.3 °F). What is the correct advice?

1. AWait until the next clinic visit, as fever is common
2. BBring the child to hospital straight away for assessment and IV antibiotics
3. CGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and call back if the fever lasts more than 2 days
4. DGive a cool bath and keep the child at home

A healthy breastfed baby has lost 7% of her birth weight on day 3. What is the best interpretation?

1. AThis is within the usual range; observe a feed and follow the weight
2. BThis weight loss is only normal in formula-fed babies
3. CThis is severe dehydration and needs immediate IV fluids
4. DThis shows breastfeeding has failed, so formula should replace breast milk from now on