Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

What causes scarlet fever?

1. AVaricella-zoster virus
2. BStaphylococcus epidermidis
3. CGroup A streptococcus
4. DHuman herpesvirus 6

At about what age do most children begin to walk without support?

1. AAbout 12 months, within a typical range of about 9 to 15 months
2. BAbout 2 years in most children, within a typical range of 18 to 30 months
3. CAbout 3 years
4. DAbout 6 months

Which chromosome pattern causes Turner syndrome?

1. AAn extra X chromosome (47,XXY) in a boy
2. BAn extra copy of chromosome 18
3. CA single X chromosome (45,X) in a girl
4. DAn extra copy of chromosome 21

Which statement reflects current guidance about introducing allergenic foods, such as egg and peanut, to infants?

1. AThey should only be given after a skin prick test in every infant
2. BThey can be introduced from around 6 months as part of solids, and delaying them does not prevent allergy
3. CThey should be given from 6 weeks, mixed into the baby's milk
4. DThey should be avoided until at least 3 years of age, because early contact is what causes most food allergies

Which diet is usually recommended for a child with cystic fibrosis?

1. AA low-fat diet to reduce greasy stools and abdominal pain
2. BA high-energy, high-fat diet with fat-soluble vitamin supplements
3. CA low-protein diet to reduce the work of the pancreas
4. DA low-salt diet to protect the heart and kidneys from damage later in life

A child has scabies. Which plan is correct?

1. AStop treatment as soon as the itch improves on the first day
2. BTreat only the child, as family members without itching are not infected
3. CTreat only the itchy areas of skin, not the whole body
4. DTreat the child and all close contacts at the same time, and wash bedding and clothes

During an insulin infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, why is potassium monitored closely?

1. APotassium is needed to dissolve the insulin in the drip
2. BPotassium has no role in DKA; it is a routine test only
3. CInsulin causes the kidneys to hold on to potassium, so blood levels rise dangerously
4. DInsulin moves potassium into the cells, so blood potassium can fall sharply

A child with extensive burns is receiving IV fluid resuscitation. Which finding best shows that fluid replacement is adequate?

1. AThe blood pressure is in the high range
2. BThe child is asking for a drink
3. CA urine output of about 1 mL/kg per hour
4. DThe burned skin looks less red and the blisters are smaller