Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

After a tonsillectomy, which drinks are usually avoided at first?

1. ACrushed ice
2. BCool water
3. CRed-coloured drinks
4. DDiluted apple juice or squash

At which times after birth is the Apgar score routinely assessed?

1. AAt 1 minute and at 5 minutes
2. BOnly once, at 24 hours of age
3. CAt birth and again at 1 hour
4. DAt 10 minutes and at 30 minutes

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AA single gene inherited from both carrier parents
2. BInfection with rubella in early pregnancy
3. CAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)
4. DA missing X chromosome in a girl

Which signs suggest meningitis in a young infant?

1. ANeck stiffness and a positive Kernig's sign, as in older children and adults
2. BA bulging fontanelle, a high-pitched cry, poor feeding and irritability
3. CA clear runny nose, a mild cough and normal feeding
4. DA sunken fontanelle with heavy wet nappies

How are feeds usually restarted after a pyloromyotomy for pyloric stenosis?

1. AWithin hours, increasing gradually as per protocol; some vomiting can be expected
2. BWith large, full-volume feeds straight away to make up for the weight lost
3. CNot until 10 days after surgery, when the wound has healed
4. DOnly by nasogastric tube for the first month at home

Which signs suggest hypoglycaemia in a young child with diabetes?

1. AThirst, passing large amounts of urine and a fruity breath smell
2. BDeep, rapid breathing with abdominal pain and vomiting
3. CShakiness, sweating, pallor and a sudden change in behaviour
4. DA slow onset of dry skin and flushed cheeks over several days

A 10-year-old with cystic fibrosis is going to play football on a hot day. What should the nurse teach?

1. AAvoid all exercise, because it damages the lungs
2. BSkip the pancreatic enzymes on sports days to avoid stomach cramps
3. CRestrict fluids to prevent extra mucus
4. DDrink more and add extra salt, because more salt is lost in sweat

A child with cyanotic heart disease and polycythaemia has a fever and vomiting. Why is dehydration especially dangerous?

1. AIt lowers the red cell count and causes severe anaemia
2. BIt causes the heart defect to close on its own
3. CIt leads to fluid overload and pulmonary oedema as the kidneys hold on to water
4. DIt makes the blood even thicker and raises the risk of stroke and thrombosis