Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

The nurse strokes the sole of a 6-month-old's foot and the toes fan out with the big toe extending. What does this mean?

1. AIt shows the baby is in pain
2. BIt is a sign of spinal cord compression
3. CIt shows brain damage and needs a scan
4. DIt is a normal finding at this age

What is the most serious complication of Kawasaki disease?

1. ACoronary artery aneurysms
2. BDiabetes mellitus
3. CPermanent hearing loss
4. DKidney failure needing dialysis

What is cerebral palsy?

1. AA genetic disorder of collagen that makes the bones break easily
2. BAn infection of the spinal cord that causes sudden paralysis of the legs
3. CA non-progressive disorder of movement and posture from damage to the developing brain
4. DA progressive muscle disease in which muscle fibres are slowly replaced by fat

A child has tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp). Which treatment is usually needed?

1. AOral antibiotics such as amoxicillin
2. BShaving the head, with no medicine
3. CAn oral antifungal medicine
4. DA topical antifungal cream alone

After an injection, a 4-year-old insists on having a plaster over the site. What explains this?

1. APreschoolers understand anatomy well and want to keep the site clean
2. BThe child is being difficult and should be ignored
3. CThe child is allergic to the injection
4. DPreschoolers fear bodily injury and may think their insides can leak out

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. AAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not
2. BOffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
3. CWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late
4. DTell him he is a bad boy for refusing

An 18-month-old with gastroenteritis has a heart rate of 170/min, a capillary refill time of 4 seconds and cool hands and feet. Her blood pressure is normal. What does this indicate?

1. ANormal findings in a toddler who is upset
2. BMild dehydration that only needs a drink
3. CShock is unlikely while the blood pressure is normal
4. DCompensated shock that needs urgent treatment

A child with sickle cell disease has been exposed to parvovirus B19 (fifth disease). Why is this a concern?

1. AIt makes the child immune to all future crises
2. BIt triggers a severe allergic reaction to the virus
3. CIt causes the sickle gene to become active in the child
4. DIt can stop red cell production for days and cause severe anaemia