Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

Which simple test is used to screen for scoliosis?

1. ARomberg test with the eyes closed
2. BBabinski test
3. COrtolani test
4. DAdams forward bend test

Which finding suggests hydrocephalus in an infant?

1. AA sunken fontanelle with dry mucous membranes and few wet nappies
2. BA rapidly increasing head circumference with a bulging fontanelle
3. CA flat area on the back of the head
4. DA small head with a closed fontanelle at birth

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes in children?

1. AInsulin resistance caused mainly by obesity and inactivity
2. BToo much insulin being produced by an overactive pancreas
3. CA lack of glucagon from the alpha cells of the pancreas
4. DAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells

A child receiving chemotherapy has painful mouth ulcers (mucositis). Which mouth care is best?

1. ASpicy and acidic foods to stimulate saliva flow
2. BA soft toothbrush or sponge, bland rinses and soft, cool foods
3. CMouthwash containing alcohol several times a day
4. DA hard toothbrush and lemon–glycerine swabs to clean the ulcers

What is the purpose of grommets (tympanostomy tubes) in a child with repeated middle ear problems?

1. ATo widen the outer ear canal and reduce the build-up of wax
2. BTo give antibiotics directly into the inner ear
3. CTo ventilate the middle ear and let fluid drain
4. DTo replace the damaged eardrum permanently

Which treatment is commonly used for a child with moderate croup?

1. AChest physiotherapy
2. BA cough suppressant
3. CA single dose of an oral corticosteroid such as dexamethasone
4. DA course of oral antibiotics such as amoxicillin for 5 to 7 days

A child with cyanotic heart disease and polycythaemia has a fever and vomiting. Why is dehydration especially dangerous?

1. AIt makes the blood even thicker and raises the risk of stroke and thrombosis
2. BIt leads to fluid overload and pulmonary oedema as the kidneys hold on to water
3. CIt causes the heart defect to close on its own
4. DIt lowers the red cell count and causes severe anaemia

Two weeks after a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was inserted, an infant has a fever, irritability and redness along the shunt tract. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal healing; no action needed
2. BTeething, which explains the fever and the irritability
3. CShunt infection; report it urgently
4. DAn allergy to the hospital soap